- Most common cause
- Androgenetic alopecia (pattern hair loss), driven by follicle sensitivity to DHT
- Other common causes
- Telogen effluvium (shedding after a trigger), alopecia areata, low iron or vitamin D
- First step
- Scalp assessment and a full blood panel before any treatment is chosen
- Treatment options
- Low-level laser, topical or oral medical therapy, PRP, topical exosome application, nutritional support
- Not interchangeable
- Alopecia areata is autoimmune and needs different management from pattern hair loss
- Performed by
- Dr Sin Yong personally, Orchard Road, Singapore
Common Causes of Hair Loss in Singapore
Androgenetic Alopecia (Pattern Hair Loss) — The most common cause. Driven by genetic sensitivity to DHT, which miniaturises hair follicles. In men: receding hairline and vertex thinning. In women: diffuse thinning across the crown and part line.
Telogen Effluvium — Diffuse shedding triggered by physical or psychological stress, nutritional deficiency, illness, surgery, or hormonal changes (including postpartum). Often self-limiting but can become chronic.
Alopecia Areata — Autoimmune patchy hair loss. Requires specific management — different from androgenetic alopecia.
Nutritional Deficiencies — Low iron stores (ferritin), low vitamin D and low zinc are common contributors; true biotin deficiency is uncommon. Blood tests are essential to identify these.
“The right combination depends on the underlying cause — proper diagnosis before treatment is essential.”
Dr Sin YongOn choosing a hair loss treatment
Evidence-Based Hair Loss Treatments in Singapore
Luminescence Laser (First-Line) — Dr Sin Yong's recommended first-line treatment. Medical-grade low-level laser therapy (LLLT) stimulates dormant follicles through photobiomodulation, shifting them from telogen to anagen phase. Can be considered during breastfeeding after assessment. Side effects are uncommon and usually mild, such as transient scalp warmth or itch.
Topical therapy — Topical or oral vasodilator therapy extends the anagen phase and reduces miniaturisation. Must be used continuously — cessation causes rebound shedding.
PRP (Platelet-Rich Plasma) — Growth factors from the patient's own blood injected into the scalp. An initial course is followed by maintenance, with the number and spacing of treatments planned individually.
Exosome Injections — An emerging option for chronic hair loss; the evidence is earlier-stage than for PRP. Exosome-derived growth factors signal follicle stem cells. Derive Serum, a topical, may be used between treatments.
Nourkin TricoVerde® — Clinically studied nutritional supplement targeting the hair growth cycle. Complements clinical treatments.

When to See a Doctor
The earlier hair loss is treated, the better the outcome. Once follicles have miniaturised beyond recovery, even well-established treatments cannot fully restore them. See a doctor if: shedding exceeds 100 hairs per day consistently, visible thinning is noticed, or patches appear. A full blood panel and scalp assessment is the correct starting point.
Ready to Book a Consultation?
All treatments performed personally by Dr Sin Yong at Orchard Road, Singapore.
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- Hair loss: Diagnosis and treatment — American Academy of Dermatology, 2022.
- Telogen effluvium (hair shedding) — DermNet, 2019.
- Comparative effectiveness of low-level laser therapy for adult androgenic alopecia: a system review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials — Lasers in Medical Science, 2019.
- Platelet-Rich Plasma for Androgenetic Alopecia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery, 2023.
Medically reviewed by Dr Sin Yong · Updated 7 October 2026
Male vs female pattern hair loss: what differs
Male and female pattern hair loss are the same underlying condition, androgenetic alopecia, in which follicles sensitive to DHT gradually miniaturise, but they look different and are assessed differently. In men, loss is graded on the Norwood scale: the hairline recedes at the temples and the crown thins, sometimes until the two areas meet. In women, it is graded on the Ludwig scale: thinning is diffuse over the crown, the parting widens, and the frontal hairline is usually preserved.
The list of possible causes is also longer in women. Telogen effluvium after childbirth, illness or crash dieting, low ferritin, thyroid disorders and hormonal conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome can mimic or add to pattern loss, which is why blood work carries more weight in a female assessment. Medical treatment differs too: some oral medicines used for male pattern hair loss, such as finasteride, are not used in women who are pregnant or could become pregnant. Low-level laser therapy and PRP are considered for both, according to the cause and stage found at assessment.
Which hair loss treatment is tried first?
The first step is a diagnosis, not a treatment. Pattern, history and a scalp examination establish whether the loss is androgenetic alopecia, telogen effluvium, alopecia areata or a mix, because each follows a different pathway. Blood tests come next where relevant, typically ferritin, vitamin D, zinc and thyroid function, so that a deficiency or trigger is corrected rather than treated around.
For pattern hair loss, non-invasive and medical options form the foundation: low-level laser therapy, which Dr Sin Yong uses as a first-line option, and topical or oral medical therapy where suitable, often together. Injectable procedures such as PRP are added when the plan calls for more support, with the number and spacing set individually. Telogen effluvium is managed mainly by identifying and removing the trigger, and alopecia areata is treated on its own pathway, with extensive disease referred to specialist dermatology. Progress is reviewed against the starting assessment before anything is added.
Frequently Asked Questions
A well-planned approach combines laser therapy, medical treatment where appropriate, PRP or exosome scalp injections, and nutritional support. The right combination depends on the underlying cause — proper diagnosis before treatment is essential.
Early androgenetic alopecia and telogen effluvium can be significantly reversed with appropriate treatment. Later-stage androgenetic alopecia where follicles have miniaturised beyond recovery cannot be fully reversed but progression can be halted.
Response varies between individuals. Reduced shedding is usually the first change; new growth takes longer, and progress is formally reviewed at around six months.
Low-level laser is a drug-free option that may be considered during pregnancy and breastfeeding, although formal safety data in pregnancy are limited. Oral and topical hair-loss medications are not recommended during pregnancy. PRP and other scalp injections are usually deferred until after pregnancy. Dr Sin Yong will confirm suitability at consultation.
Yes. Men with pattern hair loss usually notice a receding hairline and thinning at the crown, while women more often see diffuse thinning across the crown and a widening parting. Women are also more often affected by shedding linked to iron deficiency, thyroid problems or childbirth, so blood tests matter.
Sudden diffuse shedding is most often telogen effluvium, triggered by illness, fever, surgery, childbirth, psychological stress, crash dieting or nutritional deficiency. Shedding usually starts two to four months after the trigger, which is why the cause is often missed. It is frequently self-limiting once the trigger is corrected, but it can become chronic.
A hair loss blood panel usually checks iron stores (ferritin), vitamin D, zinc and thyroid function, with other tests added according to your history. Correcting a deficiency does not treat pattern hair loss on its own, but an uncorrected deficiency can limit the response to any treatment.
For pattern hair loss, usually some form of maintenance is needed, because androgenetic alopecia is progressive. Medical therapy in particular must be used continuously; stopping it leads to rebound shedding. Shedding from a temporary trigger, such as telogen effluvium, often does not need long-term treatment once the cause is addressed.
Often, yes. In alopecia areata the immune system suppresses the follicles rather than scarring them, so the follicle survives and regrowth is possible; limited patches frequently refill without treatment, and injections into the patch can support this. Relapse is part of the condition, and extensive or rapidly spreading disease is referred to specialist dermatology.
Surgical hair restoration moves follicles from the back and sides of the scalp, which are less sensitive to DHT, into thinning areas. It is considered when pattern hair loss has stabilised and there is enough donor hair. It does not stop loss in the hair that was not transplanted, so medical management usually continues; suitable patients are referred for surgical assessment.
